Drive

A player carrying the ball with their feet without releasing it. The span covers consecutive frames where the same player is the active possessor and the ball stays bound to them.

Category: Ball action

Properties

Property	Type	Description	Values
body_part	str	Which body part contacted the ball. unknown is the engine-side placeholder for unmeasured rows.	head, both_hands, unknown
confidence_detection	float32	Detection confidence [0,1].	—
confidence_event	float32	Event [0,1]. Model confidence for this event class.	—
confidence_identity	float32	Identity confidence [0,1]. Null for non-actor events and for rows where the jersey/player_id was not resolved (team-only actor rows have this null).	—
length_cm	int32	Euclidean distance start → target, in cm (span events).	—
x_target	int16	Target x-coordinate in cm (corner-origin, same convention as top-level x/y).	—
y_target	int16	Target y-coordinate in cm (corner-origin, same convention as top-level x/y).	—

Property Values

body_part

Which body part contacted the ball.

Value	Description
head	Headed contact. Includes header, flick-on, headed pass, headed clearance.
both_hands	Two-handed throw. Used for throw-in restarts (paired with set_piece=throw_in).
unknown	Engine-side placeholder for rows where body part was not measured. Distinct from a positive identification of a non-standard body part.

Accuracy

Held-out model quality — how well the engine reproduces ground truth on frozen evaluation games it was never trained on. This is not per-match confidence (each event row also carries its own confidence_event). Metric: event_f1@13f (per-event match within ±0.5s), measured 2026-07-13.

Ground-truth source	Recall	Precision	F1	GT events
PCBAS broadcast benchmark	0.87	0.61	0.71	3,262
World Cup Broadcast	0.87	0.55	0.68	2,836

Player attribution

A separate axis: given the action is detected, did we credit the right player? Metric: credited_player_accuracy@iou0.3.

Ground-truth source	Coverage	Accuracy (player)	Accuracy (team)	GT event-players
PCBAS broadcast benchmark	0.91	0.98	0.99	21,132

Querying

Using event_property filter

{
  "filters": [
    {
      "type": "event_property",
      "event_type": "drive",
      "properties": []
    }
  ]
}

Filter by property

By body_part

{
  "filters": [
    {
      "type": "event_property",
      "event_type": "drive",
      "properties": [
        { "field": "body_part", "eq": "head" }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

Filter by player

{
  "filters": [
    {
      "type": "event_property",
      "event_type": "drive",
      "properties": [],
      "players": ["0-10"]
    }
  ]
}

Filter by team

{
  "filters": [
    {
      "type": "event_property",
      "event_type": "drive",
      "properties": [],
      "teams": ["team_0"]
    }
  ]
}

Response

Events of this type appear in the Events endpoint response:

{
  "start": 125.5,
  "end": 135.5,
  "label": "drive",
  "event_type": "drive"
}